Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt

All Acts ⚖️BNS 📋CPC 🛡️CrPC 🏛️COI 💍HMA 🧾ITA ⚖️IPC

What does this section state?

Section 323 is the base offence for simple physical injury, covering situations where a person voluntarily causes "hurt" to another — any bodily pain, disease, or infirmity — without any weapon or an aggravating factor covered by more serious sections like 325 (grievous hurt) or 326 (hurt by dangerous weapons). A minor slap, a punch that causes bruising, or pushing someone that results in mild pain would typically fall under this section.

Because it is the least severe hurt-related offence, it is bailable and can generally be resolved between the parties as a compoundable offence, meaning the complainant can withdraw the complaint through a private settlement. It is commonly charged in minor altercations, neighbourhood disputes, or scuffles that do not involve serious injury.

The corresponding provision under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita retains the same core definition and punishment structure.

Punishment Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to Rs 1,000, or both

Triable By Any Magistrate

Bailable Bailable

Cognizable Non Cognizable

Compoundable Compoundable

Frequently Asked Questions

Is IPC Section 323 bailable?

This is a bailable offence, meaning bail can generally be granted as a matter of right by the police or the court.

What is the punishment under this section?

Imprisonment up to 1 year, or fine up to Rs 1,000, or both. Courts have discretion based on the facts of each case, and the actual outcome can vary.

Can a case under this section be compounded (settled)?

Yes — this offence can be compounded (settled) between the parties without needing separate court permission, though procedure varies by state.

What is the difference between "hurt" under this section and "grievous hurt" under Section 325?

Section 320 defines grievous hurt narrowly — things like fractures, permanent disfigurement, loss of a limb or sense, or injury endangering life. Anything falling short of those specific categories is ordinary hurt under Section 323, even if painful.

Is medical evidence necessary to prove this offence?

A medical certificate documenting the injury strengthens the case considerably, but courts can also convict based on credible eyewitness testimony alone, particularly where the injury was minor and left no lasting mark.

Can this section be charged alongside other offences from the same incident?

Yes — it’s common for Section 323 to be charged together with offences like criminal intimidation (506) or wrongful restraint (341) arising from the same altercation.

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This page is for general information only and is not a substitute for advice from a qualified advocate. Always verify against the current official bare act.